Synanthropy Of Sarcophagidae (diptera) In Southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sarcophagidae (Diptera) are potential vectors of several pathogens. They are also very important in forensic entomology, providing basic information on the circumstances of death. The objective of this study was to determine the synanthropic index of adult Sarcophagidae collected in Rio Claro, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Sampling occurred between September 2009 and August 2010. Traps baited with sardines, beef liver, or minced meat were set for five consecutive days per month in three distinct ecological areas representing urban, rural, and forest environments. A total of 440 specimens of sarcophagids were collected. The most abundant species was Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann), followed by Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker), Peckia (Euboettcheria) collusor (Curran & Walley), Peckia (Euboettcheria) sp., and Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans (Walker). The only species with positive synanthropic index values were O. thornax and P. (S.) lambens, which demonstrated a greater preference for inhabited areas. Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi (Prado & Fonseca), P. (P.) intermutans, and Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis (Townsend) were only found in the forested area, which demonstrates their importance in forensic entomology because of their preference for a particular type of environment. The greatest number of sarcophagids was found in the forest environment; however, only the forest and rural areas were significantly different in Sarcophagidae abundance. © 2016, Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil.4566376412009/03540-0, FAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Productive characterisation in iberian pig varieties. II: preliminar study of birht weihtg and preweaning weight

We have studied the behaviour of six varieties of the Iberian Pig breed in the preweaning period with a view to determine the preliminary productive characterisation of this breed. We have used a sampled formed by 2001 piglets (males and females) where the birth, 30 days and 60 days weight were collected. From our preliminary results we have concluded a mean birth weight of 1,37 kg a 30 days weight of 13,49 kg. And a 60 days weight of 20 kg standing out the Retinto variety as the population presenting the best growing capacity in this physiological period, even though we have to go deep in this study using a bigger sample.Se estudia el comportamiento de seis variedades del cerdo Ibérico en el periodo predestete con vistas a la caracterización productiva preliminar de la raza. Para ello se utilizó una muestra compuesta por 2001 lechones entre machos y hembras donde se estudió el peso al nacimiento y los pesos a los 30 y 60 días. De los resultados preliminares obtenidos concluimos un peso al nacimiento medio de 1,37 kg, un peso a los 30 días de vida en torno a 13,49 kg y un peso a los 60 días o peso de destete en alrededor de 20 kg, destacando la variedad Retinto como la población que presenta mejor capacidad de crecimiento en este periodo fisiológico, quedando a la espera de profundizar este estudio con una muestra animal más amplia

Caracterización de las variedades minoritarias del cerdo ibérico por la aptitud sexual del macho. Proyecto inicial

El presente proyecto se propone abordar un criterio absolutamente novedoso para la caracterización de los animales domésticos mediante la utilización de variables relacionadas con la aptitud reproductiva, algo que está especialmente relacionado con la productividad de los animales de ciclo corto dedicados a la producción cárnica. La metodología propuesta a continuación se aplicará a 24 animales en cada fase de estudio en que se utilizarán distintas variedades de cerdo ibérico. Actualmente estamos trabajando con el primer lote de animales, concretamente las variedades Manchado de Jabugo, Retinto y Torbiscal. La caracterización reproductiva abordará cuatro ópticas diferentes. Primeramente se realizarán evaluaciones de características anatómicas externas del aparato reproductor del macho (circunferencia escrotal, volumen, forma e implantación testicular). En segundo lugar se tipificarán los aspectos relacionados con el comportamiento sexual del macho referido tanto a sus actitudes para la monta natural como para la inseminación artificial. En tercer lugar se estudiarán las características del semen (aspectos físicos y morfológicos). Finalmente, se constituirá un banco de germoplasma de cerdos Ibéricos, donde se almacenarán dosis de semen de las diversas variedades de cerdo Ibérico para conservación o intercambio entre investigadores y ganaderos, así como su utilización en programas de inseminación artificial o mejora genética

Criopreservación de semen de las variedades minoritarias del cerdo ibérico: resultados preliminares de la fertilidad "in vivo"

Resumen de la comunicación presentada al III Congreso Ibérico sobre Recursos Genéticos Animale

Modelos acoplados do IPCC-AR4 e o gradiente meridional de temperatua da superficie do mar no atlântico tropical : relaçoes com a precipitaçao no norte do nordeste do Brasil

Este artigo mostra como três modelos acoplados do Intergovernmental on Panel Climate Change - (IPCC-AR4), o FGOALS1. 0G – LASG do Institute of Atmospheric Physics of China, o GISSER da National Aeronautics Space Admnistration (NASA) e o GFDL_CM2 da National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), simularam a variabilidade do gradiente meridional de Temperatura da Superfície do Mar (TSM), entre os meses de fevereiro a maio, no Atlântico Tropical (1901-1999). A precipitação durante a estação chuvosa (fevereiro a maio) no setor norte do Nordeste do Brasil (NEB) foi também analisada pelos três modelos e comparada com as observações. Os modelos GISSER e FGOALS1.0G mostraram melhor desempenho na simulação do sinal do gradiente meridional de TSM no Atlântico Tropical para o período de 1901 a 1999. Destaca-se que os modelos apresentaram um melhor desempenho na simulação da tendência decadal, conseguindo explicar entre 50% a 80% da variabilidade do gradiente, com a TSM do setor sul sendo mais bem simulada

Are the magnetic fields of millisecond pulsars ~ 10^8 G?

It is generally assumed that the magnetic fields of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are $\sim 10^{8}$G. We argue that this may not be true and the fields may be appreciably greater. We present six evidences for this: (1) The $\sim 10^{8}$ G field estimate is based on magnetic dipole emission losses which is shown to be questionable; (2) The MSPs in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are claimed to have $< 10^{11}$ G on the basis of a Rayleygh-Taylor instability accretion argument. We show that the accretion argument is questionable and the upper limit $10^{11}$ G may be much higher; (3) Low magnetic field neutron stars have difficulty being produced in LMXBs; (4) MSPs may still be accreting indicating a much higher magnetic field; (5) The data that predict $\sim 10^{8}$ G for MSPs also predict ages on the order of, and greater than, ten billion years, which is much greater than normal pulsars. If the predicted ages are wrong, most likely the predicted $\sim 10^{8}$ G fields of MSPs are wrong; (6) When magnetic fields are measured directly with cyclotron lines in X-ray binaries, fields $\gg 10^{8}$ G are indicated. Other scenarios should be investigated. One such scenario is the following. Over 85% of MSPs are confirmed members of a binary. It is possible that all MSPs are in large separation binaries having magnetic fields $> 10^{8}$ G with their magnetic dipole emission being balanced by low level accretion from their companions.Comment: 16 pages, accept for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Building The Sugarcane Genome For Biotechnology And Identifying Evolutionary Trends

Background: Sugarcane is the source of sugar in all tropical and subtropical countries and is becoming increasingly important for bio-based fuels. However, its large (10 Gb), polyploid, complex genome has hindered genome based breeding efforts. Here we release the largest and most diverse set of sugarcane genome sequences to date, as part of an on-going initiative to provide a sugarcane genomic information resource, with the ultimate goal of producing a gold standard genome.Results: Three hundred and seventeen chiefly euchromatic BACs were sequenced. A reference set of one thousand four hundred manually-annotated protein-coding genes was generated. A small RNA collection and a RNA-seq library were used to explore expression patterns and the sRNA landscape. In the sucrose and starch metabolism pathway, 16 non-redundant enzyme-encoding genes were identified. One of the sucrose pathway genes, sucrose-6-phosphate phosphohydrolase, is duplicated in sugarcane and sorghum, but not in rice and maize. A diversity analysis of the s6pp duplication region revealed haplotype-structured sequence composition. Examination of hom(e)ologous loci indicate both sequence structural and sRNA landscape variation. 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